Arthrosis is not an acute state, but a slowly progressive destruction of the shock absorbent tissue and a decrease in the amount of synovial fluid in the knee joint. The elastic fabric provides flexibility and mobility of the limbs, however, in medium and older people, cartilage breasts lose this property.
Interesting! You can often be heard how medium -sized people talk about "salts. "This expression is incorrect, does not deposit salt in the body, on the contrary, there is a dyevial membrane dystrophy.
Little by little, depreciation between femoral and the berets decreases, and begin to rub each other. And, despite the fact that human bones are very strong and are able to withstand straight pressure to two hundred kilograms, they are erased from constant friction, osteophytes appear: bone growth instead of the natural joint.
The post -traumatic form of this disease occurs in young people who like strength sports or after the car accident and other serious damages in the limbs.
If we list the main factors that contribute to the development of the disease, then the main causes of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint can be distinguished:
- Age over forty years old, especially in women.
- Systemic diseases that affect connective tissue: arthritis, red lupus, drop.
- First and second type diabetes.
- Over -loss, because an increased chronic load is formed in the limbs.
- Find in a forced or standing position.
- The post -traumatic state of the legs.
In the last case, the ailment generally occurs as a complication of acute hemartrosis with extensive bleeding in the cavity of the knee joints. The imminent method of treatment or the absence of medical intervention in emergency conditions is the cause of the transition to the chronic and heavier phase.
Clinical image
The signs of osteoarthritis of the knee joint in the early stages often go unnoticed. Very rarely, a person draws attention to minor deviations from the characteristic of the norm of the first stage of the disease. With the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the symptoms can be seen quick enough. Such diseases appear:
- Light cut during movements and a strong posture change;
- numbness in the area at the bottom of the leg;
- Increase in fatigue in the afternoon or after a long walk.
This is especially true for medium -sized people who cancel this condition to age and believe it should be so. In fact, gonarrosis, unlike posttraumatic conditions for a long time, does not cause serious discomfort, and very rarely people think about the prevention of such disease.
In order not to miss the appearance of symptoms of the second degree of osteoarthritis of the knee joint, such manifestations should not go unnoticed:
- swelling;
- fatigue and heaviness on the legs;
- Difficulties, if necessary, climb a steep staircase.
However, often such symptoms are left without due attention, and the disease progresses. Clinically significant signs appear:
- Pulling or pressing the pain, intensifies at night and after awakening.
- Poor limb mobility.
- Swelling that does not depend on the condition of the kidneys and the amount of drunk fluid.
- Gradually increasing creaks in the joints.
- The inability to remain in a sitting or standing position for a long time.
- Sometimes redness occurs around the knees.
Such changes are characteristic of chronic gonarrosis. In the post -traumatic form, symptoms grow sharply, a clinical image of the lesion itself is developed in a few hours or days. Acute and hard to transformed pain predominates, the damaged leg is significantly swollen and hyperemia of the damaged area is observed, a person cannot step on the leg. Without treatment after an injury, atrocious develops more frequently, in rare cases there is a slow development, in which the patient faces discomfort after 2-7 years.
Important! Despite the quite characteristic clinical image, the final diagnosis is performed after a complete exam. Diagnostic methods imply an ultrasound or X -rays, a full time exam by a rheumatologist or traumatologist.
In ultrasound and X -ray photos, internal changes in synovial cover and the degree of osteophytic growth are visible. Depending on the negligence of the pathological process, a treatment course is prescribed, individual methods are selected.
Types of therapy for gonarrosis
All who have made a corresponding diagnosis will necessarily ask the question: how to treat the osteoarthritis of the knee joint? Medicine offers:
- conservative therapy using drugs;
- Types of concomitant treatment of the resort-saunatorio;
- Popular methods to combat the disease with a proven effectiveness.
With the ineffectiveness of the treatment, surgical intervention is indicated.
Medicine
If a person was diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the treatment is mainly selected from a medication complex. The traditional list will include several types of medications, starting from analgesics and condoprotectors.
The ointments aim to reduce pain and improve the general condition of the patient. Non -steroidal analgesics are generally used.
Sometimes, medications are directly administered to the affected synovial bag. To relieve the symptoms they are prescribed:
- Salicypates.
- OXICIES.
- Derived prolition acid.
Nonereide anti -inflammatory and analgesic drugs effectively eliminate unpleasant sensations, even severe pain, however, they have pronounced side effects, they must use people with people with a stomach due to illness and liver.
Hormonal medications are prescribed for the third degree of gonartrosis, when the process has gone far and requires severe counteracción. The medications that contain cortisol are introduced directly into the cavity of the cartilage and have a very fast positive effect, but the side effects negatively affect both internal organs (liver, heart, glasses) and in the patient's endocrine context. Therefore, they are prescribed only in the absence of pronounced contraindications and only for a short time of treatment.
To restore damaged joint tissue, condoprotectors are used. They are always prescribed for posttraumatic dearthrosis to stimulate the body that generates the synovial fluid more actively and regenerates damaged cartilage. Condroprotectors are accepted for a long time due to slow action. Its reception requires precision and systematicity. The specific doses are selected taking into account the age, the characteristics of the state of health and the tolerance to the patient of certain medications.
Interesting! The last form of regeneration of the cartilage fluid is hyaluronic acid, which is mainly found in cosmetology.
Acupuncture in articular pathologies
This method of healing has not been accepted for a long time by official medical science. But now acupuncture is occupied by a strong position in the treatment of chronic diseases, including the types of pathologies of the lower extremities. Selected properly by an experienced specialist, acupuncture sessions can save an unpleasant sensations in a fairly short time and stimulate your body to produce a synovial fluid and cells in the cartilage, they regenerate at an accelerated rhythm.
The technique implies the impact on biologically active areas and the restoration of the correct functioning of all life systems, it is also good for the prevention of painful conditions. However, with acupuncture, certain rules must be followed. Acupuncture is prohibited in the following conditions:
- Serious immune changes: immunodeficiency, strong endocrine disorders (kushing syndrome).
- Tuberculosis and tendency to bleeding.
- History of cancer diseases.
- Mental instability, depression, anxious syndrome.
- Serious injuries.
- Intoxations of any genesis, including chronic alcoholism.
It is recommended to visit the first acupuncture sessions with close relatives or friends, because acupuncture contributes to significant muscular relaxation, and help is needed.
Therapeutic gymnastics and physiotherapy
The articular pathologies of any origin are well exposed to physiotherapy and exercise therapy. The concept of physiotherapy generally includes manual, magneto, mud, electrotherapy and other types of combat gonartrosis.
Manual therapy is most frequently combined with the LFK complex. Exercises are used to heat muscles and joints. The purpose of the manual method:
- improve the general condition of a person;
- an increase in blood flow to the point of pain;
- strengthen the potential for regeneration of the body;
- Reducing pain and other symptoms of the disease.
A specialist in this type of treatment must know his work well. The right massage is always directed towards lymphatic flow, any painful or simply uncomfortable sensation is unacceptable. It is always worth clarifying the composition of the rubbing and ointments used, since the patient may have allergy to the separate active components.
Hue! If the patient studies the relevant literature and looks at the necessary photos and videos, then he can learn to grow the rubbing movements on his own.
Popular remedies
In the early stages of the disease, popular remedies justify their use even more than conservative therapy. Unlike steroids or NSAIDs, they are safe for human health and have a demonstrated effectiveness in case of low and non -resistant manifestations, and are also suitable for the prevention of pathological changes.
Common Recipes and Methods of influence:
- Loads in the amount of 5-6 pieces are linked to the painful point, previously lubricated with sunflower oil. They are tied with a plastic bag and a wool scarf. The compress is left at night.
- Birch leaves, necessarily early, collected in the early invention of April, in extreme cases, in May, are placed in pain. The compress should not be thinner than 3-4 cm. It also remains during the night.
- Honey massageLubricate the preheated leg with a thin layer of honey and massage gently for ten to fifteen minutes. Repeat every day for a month.
- Onion decoction. Boil a large onion with the peel until softness is soft. The resulting substance drinks every day in a glass.
- Celandine. To soak the plant with a bandage of a bandage juice (or a cloth), wrap the leg for half an hour or an hour. The course lasts at least a week, it is advisable to repeat it three times.
Popular methods can be combined with each other, use several recipes at the same time. Basic rule: They should not be used as replacement therapy, but should complement the drugs of traditional medicine.
Preventive measures for gonarrosis
The approach to changes in the healing cartilage must be complex and systemic. It implies a complete review of the lifestyle and following certain recommendations:
- Reducing body weight. Since overweight affects the condition of bones and joints extremely negatively, patients are recommended to lose weight.
- The disease diet should be limited in calories, exclude red and fat meat, fast food, fried foods, sausages, sweets and white bread, butter. Olive oil is recommended from vegetable fats and only as a salad service station. It is useful to use marine fish and shellfish, fruits and sugar vegetables. It is necessary to include low -fat colds and fruit jelly, preferably without sugar in the energy plan.
- The refusal of smoking and drinking alcohol, both act devastatingly over all organs, including connective tissue, and with the prolonged experience of smoking, the bones become thinner, causing a problem that accompanies it: osteoporosis.
- DOSED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. With extremities pathologies, both hypodinamia and increased activity are contraindicated. People who previously participated in power and extreme sports will have to abandon their hobbies and replace them with less dangerous for the body. And, on the contrary, if a person is accustomed to sitting in the office all day, he must organize hiking and jog, gymnastics exercises of exercise therapy. Campaigns in the group are very useful.
- The periodic rest and attached therapy with mineral waters in specialized resorts is extremely important.
It is shown that patients avoid excessive physical activity, especially weightlifting. For women, the oral or injectable administration of hormones is sometimes provided to increase the amount of estrogen in the blood.
Forecast for recovery
Is it possible to cure the osteoarthritis of the knee joint? It will not be possible to completely get rid of the pathology, but it is possible to slow down the degenerative processes. It is better therapy of the first and second stage of the post -traumatic discourage, while in the third stage, with pronounced pathological processes, the conservative effects are often not enough, and surgical intervention is required.
The operation is carried out in the most severe cases when the joint is completely destroyed, it is replaced by an analog of stainless steel or metallic plastic. However, with the appropriate measures taken, the prognosis remains favorable, a complete regeneration of synovial fluid and connective tissues is possible. Observation of your health, prevention and the correct lifestyle, avoiding injuries, the key to the health and flexibility of the legs.